1 Case conceptualisation and treatment plan- “Humanistic conceptualisation”
History
Client’s past experience depicts that she has been always empathetic; nevertheless, she suppressed her own needs for meeting external expectations, particularly in her family and societal roles. In her childhood she got appreciated for being nice and respectful however; she was rarely supported for pursuing her interest. Hence, client’s early childhood experience somehow contributed in her present issues- anxiety, dissatisfaction and lack of self-esteem.
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Problem Identification (client’s description; implications; contextual issues)
From humanistic perception Sue’s presentation demonstrating about certain issues comprises with self-actualisation, self-esteem and authenticity (Choudhuri, 2024). Client revealed that she has persistent anxiety and she is not satisfied with her life. She feels uncertain about her decisions and consistently struggling in her relationship. These symptoms are demonstrating about condition of incongruence where her personal interest does not align with her external expression and this is leading to emotional distress.
Strengths / Resources
In context of strengths, client specified about her ability of self-reflection and this supports Sue in expressing about her feelings and patterns. Client expressed her desire for developing a genuine connection that signifies about motivation for change and personal growth. The response from client during session expressed that she wants to explore her inner self and this comprehends with humanistic principles “self-actualization”.
Biological / Physical / Practical Considerations
Anxiety leading to emotional distress and it is impacting Sue’s physical wellbeing in drastic manner as she always feels tired.
Family/ Social Considerations
Sue facing societal pressure and this might aggregate her feelings of inadequacy. The recent breakup led to increase her insecurities and she feels isolated; this is drastically impacting her self-concept. It is important to ensure focus on this area and subsequently, client must be empowered so she does not feel any pressure.
Cultural Considerations (and/or systemic issues)
Lack of support from family led to reduce Sue’s self-esteem as she was never encouraged for exploring her interest.
Self Awareness / Motivation
Motivation and self-awareness are evident in Sue’s thoughts; she expressed her desire for self-compassion. This acts as important domains in Sue’s therapy and she will be able to gain control of her life.
Here and Now (present/avoidant)
There are higher possibilities that her avoidance behaviour might act as defense while confronting true feelings and inner desires.
Essential, existential or actualisation (the self, meaning, freedom, agency)
In accordance with humanistic stance Sue’s issues comprehend with her struggles of self-acceptance and this is adversely impacting her ability to trust anyone while diminishing her self-worth.
Client Perspective on Therapeutic Process
Client perception about therapy found to be positive as she views it as a space for exploring her inner self and she would be able to regain her sense of identity.
Treatment Plan & Goals (client’s desired outcome, interventions and treatment)
In current case context primary goal comprises with supporting Sue for reconnecting with her authentic self, improving her resilience capability, encouraging self-acceptance and decreasing her anxiety through integration of person-centred approaches. The prior focus requires to be integrated on current experience and thereby, therapist is accountable for developing a non-judgemental and comfortable environment that supports Sue in self-exploration and emotional expression (Daud, Rahmat and Husain, 2021). This creates sense of belongingness in Sue and further challenges her conditional self-standards that are major cause behind her emotional distress. Integration of techniques such as- reflective listening is crucial in Sue’s case; therapist will consistently listen to Sue while showing empathetic understanding and improves her self-belief.
The goals comprises with improving Sue’s self-esteem and motivating her to express her needs. The motive is to empower Sue so her self-belief can be improved; this therapy enables Sue to live authentically and contributes in improving her self-belief. This results in promoting wellbeing and personal growth of client (Renger and Macaskill, 2025). Consideration of humanistic approach aligns with showing consistent empathy towards client and gaining their trust. Hence, there is no doubt in depicting that this treatment plan supports in improving Sue’s self-esteem and increases her self-esteem to greater extent.
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2 Case conceptualisation and treatment plan “Systemic Perspective”
Presenting Problem
From systemic perspective, client’s issues can be effectively understood through her family pattern lens, relational patterns and societal impacts. The client reported that she has persistent feeling of anxiety and decreased self-esteem and this interlinks with her social environment and family dynamics. It is highly essential to assure specific focus on this area, focusing on root cause is important as this supports in taking appropriate actions which leads to assure consistent support to Sue.
Family History
From family history it was evident that her family had high expectations from her and due to this Sue’s identity became merely limited to his family approval. She often described a pattern where she has to seek validation from others, particularly from her parents and this led to reinforce her dependence on external feedback. Due to this her self-esteem got reduced by the time. This situation significantly depicting about systemic concepts comprising with triangulation and family rules that are responsible for maintaining certain relationship patterns.
Communication Patterns
Sue’s communication pattern has shown tendency towards people pleasing behaviour and avoidance of own desire.
Power Dynamics (including triangulation)
People seeking behaviour of Sue supports in maintaining harmony within relationship; however, she also disseminates her feelings of reduced self-esteem and powerlessness.
Systemic Influences (including homeostatic processes)
Sue’s recent break up reflecting about systematic influence that comprises with unspoken expectation and unresolved family issues. However, she has been manifesting these things in her all relationships and due to this she feel distressed. Sue specified that she often felt caught between ful-filling her own needs and working in accordance with others demand. This demonstrates about systemic imbalance of control and power and this is creating a distressful situation for her (Leon-Ferre and Goetz, 2023). Sue has limited social support and she depends upon external validation and this is leading to reduce her control and power in managing own thoughts and beliefs.
Interventions that have/have not worked previously
Interventions that might not work previously were due to not implying focus on family interaction. It is important to explore her family interaction, systematic influence and communication pattern which have been contributing in sustaining her difficulties. Hence, it is important to explore family roles in detail along with assessing the pattern of triangulation. This supports in assessing any underlying complexity contributing in increasing anxiety of Sue. However, previous attempts related to suppressing Sue’s emotions and avoiding confrontations process to be ineffective and therefore, systemic restricting is important for supporting client.
Strengths and Resources
The strengths of Sue comply with dedication for regaining her self-esteem and motivation so she can develop genuine relationships.
Planned Interventions
Systemic therapy identified as a form of psychotherapy that significantly focuses on assessing the ways in which an individual’s personal relationship, life choices and behavioural patterns are interconnected with each other (Seidel et al, 2024). This therapy will effectively focus on assessing and modifying the systemic patterns leading to contribute in client’s distress. In order to integrate this therapy technique such as- Genogram for mapping family relationships and setting boundary exercise would be beneficial. The setting boundaries tools are important for improving emotional wellbeing and interpersonal relationship and in Sue’s case these aspects are found to be essential and therefore, these techniques leads to assure significant benefit. Furthermore, the goal complies with setting healthy boundaries for Sue so she does not seek validation from anyone regarding her self-worth. The motive of this intervention is to enhance Sue’s autonomy and resilience capabilities as this result in alleviating her anxiety levels.
The prior motive of systemic approach is to make Sue aware about her relation pattern and influence; this leads to facilitates self-esteem and promotes systemic change. As a result, this contributes in decreasing internal distress for Sue and promotes her wellbeing. In this manner, consistent support can be assured to client while considering her needs and preferences.
3 Case conceptualisation and treatment plan “Post-Structural-Solution-Focused Brief Therapy”
Frame of Reference for Client Concerns
(What is important, desired and constitutes success?)
From post-structural solution-focused perspective it can be said that Sue’s current issues can be understood through her language, experiences and narratives. Anxiety and low self-esteem found to be central problems for Sue; however, she expressed the desire for identifying a solution that supports her in moving towards a satisfying life. Client’s narrative demonstrating about a problem- saturated story of inadequacy that focuses on her struggles and limitations. However, Sue further demonstrated about her desire for changing condition and this can be considered as a sign for progress in her case.
Goals and Treatment Plan
The goals for Sue complies with improving her confidence by identifying her problems and developing practical strategies for achieving her desired outcomes. The therapist will use scaling questions and exception findings techniques; scaling questions are considered as one of the effective strategies within solution-focused brief therapy (Jerome et al, 2023). The questions such as “How well you have been managing your anxiety from scale of 1-10” would be asked to Sue; this supports her in demonstrating abilities and further makes her aware about own resilience capabilities.
Furthermore, the intervention complies with exploring such experience or time when Sue used to feel more confident and less anxious. This leads to build her self-esteem and further motivates her in becoming confident; in this manner, support can be assured to her, Further, therapist will depict about the ways in which she can take certain steps for improving her quality of life and building a better future. The aim of this therapy is to empower Sue for developing higher resilience and gaining control over her life. The progress will be measured by integrating scaling questions and how Sue’s perceptions are changing within time will be analysed. Hence, this approach can be integrated for supporting Sue as this approach has been offering focused intervention that complies with improving client’s motivation.
Strengths
Considering client’s strengths is highly crucial as this supports in fostering their motivation to greater extent. Sue’s desire to build genuine relationship and improving self-esteem can be considered as her foremost strength. Client’s positive belief is crucial for increasing her engagement in therapeutic procedure. The Key aspect in this approach comprises with focusing on Sue’s future rather than sticking on her past. The client has been viewing this therapy as an opportunity for regaining her self-esteem and confidence. Hence, this therapy leads to support Sue in constructing new thoughts while focusing on her inner strength and desires.
Scale of Motivation and Progress
The motivation and confidence of Sue was identified through scaling questions and this supported in identifying her perception based on current condition and desire to implement a change. Sue reported 5 out of 10 in terms of confidence and further recognised the moments of strengths when she used to manager her anxiety effectively. Sue has ability to regain control over her life however; she needs to reduce her dependency on seeking external validation as this leads to reduce her self-esteem and confidence. Empowering Sue is highly crucial so she can take decision by her own without seeking validation from anyone and this further contributes in resolving her relationship issues. The scale of motivation and progress within solution-focused therapy is highly crucial for assessing changes in client perception (John and Satyanarayana, 2022). Through this tool Sue’s progress can be assessed and analysed.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
- Choudhuri, S. (2024). On Humanistic Theory. Economic & Political Weekly, 59(20), 67.
- Daud, M. J., Rahmat, A., & Husain, R. (2021). Humanistic theory in the prospect of educational philosophy to improve student learning outcomes through IPA learning in Class IV SDN 8 Tilongkabila Bonebolango Regency. European Journal of Humanities and Educational Advancements, 2(11), 131-134.
- Jerome, L., McNamee, P., Abdel-Halim, N., Elliot, K., & Woods, J. (2023). Solution-focused approaches in adult mental health research: A conceptual literature review and narrative synthesis. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1068006.
- John, N., & Satyanarayana, V. (2022). Awareness and practice of solution focused therapy in mental health professionals. Social Work Education, 41(8), 1693-1701.
- Leon-Ferre, R. A., & Goetz, M. P. (2023). Advances in systemic therapies for triple negative breast cancer. Bmj, 381.
- Renger, S., & Macaskill, A. (2025). Developing the foundations for a learning-based humanistic therapy. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 65(5), 1039-1060.
- Seidel, D. H., Markes, M., Grouven, U., Messow, C. M., Sieben, W., Knelangen, M., ... & von Pluto Prondzinski, M. (2024). Systemic therapy in children and adolescents with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC psychiatry, 24(1), 125.
